Infinite Potential

RAND researchers synthesize observations from tabletop games held in Europe or with European scenarios to understand how institutions should prepare for and respond to crises involving artificial intelligence (AI) and artificial general intelligence (AGI). They identify the issues and recommendations that players identified. The findings aim to help policymakers, researchers, and the public understand the preparations needed before such an event.

Infinite Potential—Insights from the European Games

After-Action Report from a Sequence of Day After Artificial General Intelligence Exercises

Stephanie J. Walsh, Marta Kepe, Salman Ahmed, Barbara Del Castello, Matt Chessen, Marzia Giambertoni, Cian Girven, Richard S. Girven, Theiline Pigott, Anton Shenk

This work was made possible by RAND’s own resources, including income from operations, unrestricted gifts from RAND supporters, and distributions from its long-term investment fund.

The RAND Center for the Geopolitics of AGI has conducted a series of scenario-based games to better understand how governments and other institutions should prepare for and respond to potential artificial intelligence (AI) and artificial general intelligence (AGI) developments. These games are run on the Infinite Potential platform, and this report is part of a series of publications that present findings and insights derived from player feedback.

Each Infinite Potential game presents a plausible future scenario in which advances in AGI outpace governance and asks players to craft immediate and longer-term responses. The authors of this report synthesize observations from 17 games conducted in Europe, or with European scenarios, between October 2025 and February 2026. They identify the key issues, capabilities, and playbooks that players deemed necessary for Europe to navigate the potential implications of adverse AI effects. The findings are aimed at helping policymakers, researchers, corporate leaders, civil organizations, and the public understand the preparations needed before such scenarios occur, the decisions likely to matter most once any of them begin, and the required playbooks to navigate successfully through each scenario.

This work was independently initiated using income from operations and gifts from RAND supporters, and conducted by the Center for the Geopolitics of Artificial General Intelligence within RAND Global and Emerging Risks.

This publication is part of the RAND research report series. Research reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND research reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity.

This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to this product page is encouraged. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial purposes. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.

RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.